Prove that $Vertcdot Vert^2:Xto Bbb{R},$ where $X$ is a vector space, is convex












6














Let $X$ be a vector space. I was able to prove that $Vertcdot Vert:Xto Bbb{R},$ is a convex function, i.e., for all $x,yin X$ and $lambda in [0,1],$



begin{align} Vert lambda x+(1-lambda)y Vert leq lambda Vert xVert+(1-lambda)Vert y Vertend{align}



Now, I want to prove that $Vertcdot Vert^2:Xto Bbb{R},$ where $X$ is a vector space, is convex. So, here's what I've done!



MY WORK



begin{align} Vert lambda x+(1-lambda)y Vert^2 leq left( lambda Vert xVert+(1-lambda)Vert y Vertright)^2,;;text{for all};; x,yin X;; text{and};; lambda in [0,1].end{align}



So, any help please on how to proceed?










share|cite|improve this question




















  • 3




    do you want to specifically know if $|cdot|^2$ is convex? then you should make this more clear, also in the title
    – supinf
    Nov 30 at 10:40










  • @supinf: I made some edits!
    – Mike
    Nov 30 at 11:16










  • Does your vector space also provide inner product?
    – Mostafa Ayaz
    Nov 30 at 11:54
















6














Let $X$ be a vector space. I was able to prove that $Vertcdot Vert:Xto Bbb{R},$ is a convex function, i.e., for all $x,yin X$ and $lambda in [0,1],$



begin{align} Vert lambda x+(1-lambda)y Vert leq lambda Vert xVert+(1-lambda)Vert y Vertend{align}



Now, I want to prove that $Vertcdot Vert^2:Xto Bbb{R},$ where $X$ is a vector space, is convex. So, here's what I've done!



MY WORK



begin{align} Vert lambda x+(1-lambda)y Vert^2 leq left( lambda Vert xVert+(1-lambda)Vert y Vertright)^2,;;text{for all};; x,yin X;; text{and};; lambda in [0,1].end{align}



So, any help please on how to proceed?










share|cite|improve this question




















  • 3




    do you want to specifically know if $|cdot|^2$ is convex? then you should make this more clear, also in the title
    – supinf
    Nov 30 at 10:40










  • @supinf: I made some edits!
    – Mike
    Nov 30 at 11:16










  • Does your vector space also provide inner product?
    – Mostafa Ayaz
    Nov 30 at 11:54














6












6








6


1





Let $X$ be a vector space. I was able to prove that $Vertcdot Vert:Xto Bbb{R},$ is a convex function, i.e., for all $x,yin X$ and $lambda in [0,1],$



begin{align} Vert lambda x+(1-lambda)y Vert leq lambda Vert xVert+(1-lambda)Vert y Vertend{align}



Now, I want to prove that $Vertcdot Vert^2:Xto Bbb{R},$ where $X$ is a vector space, is convex. So, here's what I've done!



MY WORK



begin{align} Vert lambda x+(1-lambda)y Vert^2 leq left( lambda Vert xVert+(1-lambda)Vert y Vertright)^2,;;text{for all};; x,yin X;; text{and};; lambda in [0,1].end{align}



So, any help please on how to proceed?










share|cite|improve this question















Let $X$ be a vector space. I was able to prove that $Vertcdot Vert:Xto Bbb{R},$ is a convex function, i.e., for all $x,yin X$ and $lambda in [0,1],$



begin{align} Vert lambda x+(1-lambda)y Vert leq lambda Vert xVert+(1-lambda)Vert y Vertend{align}



Now, I want to prove that $Vertcdot Vert^2:Xto Bbb{R},$ where $X$ is a vector space, is convex. So, here's what I've done!



MY WORK



begin{align} Vert lambda x+(1-lambda)y Vert^2 leq left( lambda Vert xVert+(1-lambda)Vert y Vertright)^2,;;text{for all};; x,yin X;; text{and};; lambda in [0,1].end{align}



So, any help please on how to proceed?







functional-analysis analysis convex-analysis norm normed-spaces






share|cite|improve this question















share|cite|improve this question













share|cite|improve this question




share|cite|improve this question








edited Nov 30 at 11:25

























asked Nov 30 at 10:30









Mike

1,117218




1,117218








  • 3




    do you want to specifically know if $|cdot|^2$ is convex? then you should make this more clear, also in the title
    – supinf
    Nov 30 at 10:40










  • @supinf: I made some edits!
    – Mike
    Nov 30 at 11:16










  • Does your vector space also provide inner product?
    – Mostafa Ayaz
    Nov 30 at 11:54














  • 3




    do you want to specifically know if $|cdot|^2$ is convex? then you should make this more clear, also in the title
    – supinf
    Nov 30 at 10:40










  • @supinf: I made some edits!
    – Mike
    Nov 30 at 11:16










  • Does your vector space also provide inner product?
    – Mostafa Ayaz
    Nov 30 at 11:54








3




3




do you want to specifically know if $|cdot|^2$ is convex? then you should make this more clear, also in the title
– supinf
Nov 30 at 10:40




do you want to specifically know if $|cdot|^2$ is convex? then you should make this more clear, also in the title
– supinf
Nov 30 at 10:40












@supinf: I made some edits!
– Mike
Nov 30 at 11:16




@supinf: I made some edits!
– Mike
Nov 30 at 11:16












Does your vector space also provide inner product?
– Mostafa Ayaz
Nov 30 at 11:54




Does your vector space also provide inner product?
– Mostafa Ayaz
Nov 30 at 11:54










3 Answers
3






active

oldest

votes


















2














In general if $f$ is a convex function and $g$ is a convex nondecreasing function then the composition $g circ f$ is a convex function. Let $f(cdot)=|cdot |$ which maps to $mathbb{R}_{geq 0}$ and let $g(x)=x^2$ which is a nondecreasing convex function on $mathbb{R}_{geq 0}$. If follows that $g circ f (cdot)=| cdot |^2$ is a convex function.



See The composition of two convex functions is convex for the original claim.






share|cite|improve this answer





















  • This is good! I like it!
    – Mike
    Nov 30 at 11:31



















4














Just solved and thought to share it for the sake of future readers.
begin{align} Vert lambda x+(1-lambda)y Vert^2 &leq left( lambda Vert xVert+(1-lambda)Vert y Vertright)^2\ &leq lambda^2 Vert xVert^2+2lambda(1-lambda)Vert xVertVert yVert+ (1-lambda)^2Vert yVert^2\ &= lambda^2 Vert xVert^2+2lambda(1-lambda)Vert xVertVert yVert+ (1-lambda)^2Vert yVert^2 -lambdaVert xVert^2 -(1-lambda)Vert yVert^2\&quad+lambdaVert xVert^2 +(1-lambda)Vert yVert^2,;;text{adding and substracting};lambdaVert xVert^2 +(1-lambda)Vert yVert^2 \ &= -lambda (1-lambda)left(Vert xVert-Vert yVertright)^2+lambdaVert xVert^2 +(1-lambda)Vert yVert^2\ &leq lambdaVert xVert^2 +(1-lambda)Vert yVert^2,;;text{since};-lambda (1-lambda)left(Vert xVert-Vert yVertright)^2leq 0.end{align}
Hence, $VertcdotVert^2$ is a convex function.






share|cite|improve this answer























  • Nice! (+1)......
    – Mostafa Ayaz
    Nov 30 at 11:53



















1














Define $p=lambda x$ and $q=(1-lambda)y$, therefore we need to show that $$||p+q||^2le (||p||+||q||)^2$$which reduces to $$pcdot qle ||p||cdot ||q||$$which is the same famous Cauchy-Schwartz inequality. Therefore $||.||^2$ is convex.






share|cite|improve this answer





















  • That's fine too!
    – Mike
    Nov 30 at 11:31










  • Thank you. Good luck!
    – Mostafa Ayaz
    Nov 30 at 11:33










  • This only works if the norm comes from a scalar product, however.
    – Giuseppe Negro
    Nov 30 at 11:50











Your Answer





StackExchange.ifUsing("editor", function () {
return StackExchange.using("mathjaxEditing", function () {
StackExchange.MarkdownEditor.creationCallbacks.add(function (editor, postfix) {
StackExchange.mathjaxEditing.prepareWmdForMathJax(editor, postfix, [["$", "$"], ["\\(","\\)"]]);
});
});
}, "mathjax-editing");

StackExchange.ready(function() {
var channelOptions = {
tags: "".split(" "),
id: "69"
};
initTagRenderer("".split(" "), "".split(" "), channelOptions);

StackExchange.using("externalEditor", function() {
// Have to fire editor after snippets, if snippets enabled
if (StackExchange.settings.snippets.snippetsEnabled) {
StackExchange.using("snippets", function() {
createEditor();
});
}
else {
createEditor();
}
});

function createEditor() {
StackExchange.prepareEditor({
heartbeatType: 'answer',
autoActivateHeartbeat: false,
convertImagesToLinks: true,
noModals: true,
showLowRepImageUploadWarning: true,
reputationToPostImages: 10,
bindNavPrevention: true,
postfix: "",
imageUploader: {
brandingHtml: "Powered by u003ca class="icon-imgur-white" href="https://imgur.com/"u003eu003c/au003e",
contentPolicyHtml: "User contributions licensed under u003ca href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/"u003ecc by-sa 3.0 with attribution requiredu003c/au003e u003ca href="https://stackoverflow.com/legal/content-policy"u003e(content policy)u003c/au003e",
allowUrls: true
},
noCode: true, onDemand: true,
discardSelector: ".discard-answer"
,immediatelyShowMarkdownHelp:true
});


}
});














draft saved

draft discarded


















StackExchange.ready(
function () {
StackExchange.openid.initPostLogin('.new-post-login', 'https%3a%2f%2fmath.stackexchange.com%2fquestions%2f3019935%2fprove-that-vert-cdot-vert2x-to-bbbr-where-x-is-a-vector-space-is-co%23new-answer', 'question_page');
}
);

Post as a guest















Required, but never shown

























3 Answers
3






active

oldest

votes








3 Answers
3






active

oldest

votes









active

oldest

votes






active

oldest

votes









2














In general if $f$ is a convex function and $g$ is a convex nondecreasing function then the composition $g circ f$ is a convex function. Let $f(cdot)=|cdot |$ which maps to $mathbb{R}_{geq 0}$ and let $g(x)=x^2$ which is a nondecreasing convex function on $mathbb{R}_{geq 0}$. If follows that $g circ f (cdot)=| cdot |^2$ is a convex function.



See The composition of two convex functions is convex for the original claim.






share|cite|improve this answer





















  • This is good! I like it!
    – Mike
    Nov 30 at 11:31
















2














In general if $f$ is a convex function and $g$ is a convex nondecreasing function then the composition $g circ f$ is a convex function. Let $f(cdot)=|cdot |$ which maps to $mathbb{R}_{geq 0}$ and let $g(x)=x^2$ which is a nondecreasing convex function on $mathbb{R}_{geq 0}$. If follows that $g circ f (cdot)=| cdot |^2$ is a convex function.



See The composition of two convex functions is convex for the original claim.






share|cite|improve this answer





















  • This is good! I like it!
    – Mike
    Nov 30 at 11:31














2












2








2






In general if $f$ is a convex function and $g$ is a convex nondecreasing function then the composition $g circ f$ is a convex function. Let $f(cdot)=|cdot |$ which maps to $mathbb{R}_{geq 0}$ and let $g(x)=x^2$ which is a nondecreasing convex function on $mathbb{R}_{geq 0}$. If follows that $g circ f (cdot)=| cdot |^2$ is a convex function.



See The composition of two convex functions is convex for the original claim.






share|cite|improve this answer












In general if $f$ is a convex function and $g$ is a convex nondecreasing function then the composition $g circ f$ is a convex function. Let $f(cdot)=|cdot |$ which maps to $mathbb{R}_{geq 0}$ and let $g(x)=x^2$ which is a nondecreasing convex function on $mathbb{R}_{geq 0}$. If follows that $g circ f (cdot)=| cdot |^2$ is a convex function.



See The composition of two convex functions is convex for the original claim.







share|cite|improve this answer












share|cite|improve this answer



share|cite|improve this answer










answered Nov 30 at 11:05









Eric

2088




2088












  • This is good! I like it!
    – Mike
    Nov 30 at 11:31


















  • This is good! I like it!
    – Mike
    Nov 30 at 11:31
















This is good! I like it!
– Mike
Nov 30 at 11:31




This is good! I like it!
– Mike
Nov 30 at 11:31











4














Just solved and thought to share it for the sake of future readers.
begin{align} Vert lambda x+(1-lambda)y Vert^2 &leq left( lambda Vert xVert+(1-lambda)Vert y Vertright)^2\ &leq lambda^2 Vert xVert^2+2lambda(1-lambda)Vert xVertVert yVert+ (1-lambda)^2Vert yVert^2\ &= lambda^2 Vert xVert^2+2lambda(1-lambda)Vert xVertVert yVert+ (1-lambda)^2Vert yVert^2 -lambdaVert xVert^2 -(1-lambda)Vert yVert^2\&quad+lambdaVert xVert^2 +(1-lambda)Vert yVert^2,;;text{adding and substracting};lambdaVert xVert^2 +(1-lambda)Vert yVert^2 \ &= -lambda (1-lambda)left(Vert xVert-Vert yVertright)^2+lambdaVert xVert^2 +(1-lambda)Vert yVert^2\ &leq lambdaVert xVert^2 +(1-lambda)Vert yVert^2,;;text{since};-lambda (1-lambda)left(Vert xVert-Vert yVertright)^2leq 0.end{align}
Hence, $VertcdotVert^2$ is a convex function.






share|cite|improve this answer























  • Nice! (+1)......
    – Mostafa Ayaz
    Nov 30 at 11:53
















4














Just solved and thought to share it for the sake of future readers.
begin{align} Vert lambda x+(1-lambda)y Vert^2 &leq left( lambda Vert xVert+(1-lambda)Vert y Vertright)^2\ &leq lambda^2 Vert xVert^2+2lambda(1-lambda)Vert xVertVert yVert+ (1-lambda)^2Vert yVert^2\ &= lambda^2 Vert xVert^2+2lambda(1-lambda)Vert xVertVert yVert+ (1-lambda)^2Vert yVert^2 -lambdaVert xVert^2 -(1-lambda)Vert yVert^2\&quad+lambdaVert xVert^2 +(1-lambda)Vert yVert^2,;;text{adding and substracting};lambdaVert xVert^2 +(1-lambda)Vert yVert^2 \ &= -lambda (1-lambda)left(Vert xVert-Vert yVertright)^2+lambdaVert xVert^2 +(1-lambda)Vert yVert^2\ &leq lambdaVert xVert^2 +(1-lambda)Vert yVert^2,;;text{since};-lambda (1-lambda)left(Vert xVert-Vert yVertright)^2leq 0.end{align}
Hence, $VertcdotVert^2$ is a convex function.






share|cite|improve this answer























  • Nice! (+1)......
    – Mostafa Ayaz
    Nov 30 at 11:53














4












4








4






Just solved and thought to share it for the sake of future readers.
begin{align} Vert lambda x+(1-lambda)y Vert^2 &leq left( lambda Vert xVert+(1-lambda)Vert y Vertright)^2\ &leq lambda^2 Vert xVert^2+2lambda(1-lambda)Vert xVertVert yVert+ (1-lambda)^2Vert yVert^2\ &= lambda^2 Vert xVert^2+2lambda(1-lambda)Vert xVertVert yVert+ (1-lambda)^2Vert yVert^2 -lambdaVert xVert^2 -(1-lambda)Vert yVert^2\&quad+lambdaVert xVert^2 +(1-lambda)Vert yVert^2,;;text{adding and substracting};lambdaVert xVert^2 +(1-lambda)Vert yVert^2 \ &= -lambda (1-lambda)left(Vert xVert-Vert yVertright)^2+lambdaVert xVert^2 +(1-lambda)Vert yVert^2\ &leq lambdaVert xVert^2 +(1-lambda)Vert yVert^2,;;text{since};-lambda (1-lambda)left(Vert xVert-Vert yVertright)^2leq 0.end{align}
Hence, $VertcdotVert^2$ is a convex function.






share|cite|improve this answer














Just solved and thought to share it for the sake of future readers.
begin{align} Vert lambda x+(1-lambda)y Vert^2 &leq left( lambda Vert xVert+(1-lambda)Vert y Vertright)^2\ &leq lambda^2 Vert xVert^2+2lambda(1-lambda)Vert xVertVert yVert+ (1-lambda)^2Vert yVert^2\ &= lambda^2 Vert xVert^2+2lambda(1-lambda)Vert xVertVert yVert+ (1-lambda)^2Vert yVert^2 -lambdaVert xVert^2 -(1-lambda)Vert yVert^2\&quad+lambdaVert xVert^2 +(1-lambda)Vert yVert^2,;;text{adding and substracting};lambdaVert xVert^2 +(1-lambda)Vert yVert^2 \ &= -lambda (1-lambda)left(Vert xVert-Vert yVertright)^2+lambdaVert xVert^2 +(1-lambda)Vert yVert^2\ &leq lambdaVert xVert^2 +(1-lambda)Vert yVert^2,;;text{since};-lambda (1-lambda)left(Vert xVert-Vert yVertright)^2leq 0.end{align}
Hence, $VertcdotVert^2$ is a convex function.







share|cite|improve this answer














share|cite|improve this answer



share|cite|improve this answer








edited Nov 30 at 11:20

























answered Nov 30 at 11:15









Mike

1,117218




1,117218












  • Nice! (+1)......
    – Mostafa Ayaz
    Nov 30 at 11:53


















  • Nice! (+1)......
    – Mostafa Ayaz
    Nov 30 at 11:53
















Nice! (+1)......
– Mostafa Ayaz
Nov 30 at 11:53




Nice! (+1)......
– Mostafa Ayaz
Nov 30 at 11:53











1














Define $p=lambda x$ and $q=(1-lambda)y$, therefore we need to show that $$||p+q||^2le (||p||+||q||)^2$$which reduces to $$pcdot qle ||p||cdot ||q||$$which is the same famous Cauchy-Schwartz inequality. Therefore $||.||^2$ is convex.






share|cite|improve this answer





















  • That's fine too!
    – Mike
    Nov 30 at 11:31










  • Thank you. Good luck!
    – Mostafa Ayaz
    Nov 30 at 11:33










  • This only works if the norm comes from a scalar product, however.
    – Giuseppe Negro
    Nov 30 at 11:50
















1














Define $p=lambda x$ and $q=(1-lambda)y$, therefore we need to show that $$||p+q||^2le (||p||+||q||)^2$$which reduces to $$pcdot qle ||p||cdot ||q||$$which is the same famous Cauchy-Schwartz inequality. Therefore $||.||^2$ is convex.






share|cite|improve this answer





















  • That's fine too!
    – Mike
    Nov 30 at 11:31










  • Thank you. Good luck!
    – Mostafa Ayaz
    Nov 30 at 11:33










  • This only works if the norm comes from a scalar product, however.
    – Giuseppe Negro
    Nov 30 at 11:50














1












1








1






Define $p=lambda x$ and $q=(1-lambda)y$, therefore we need to show that $$||p+q||^2le (||p||+||q||)^2$$which reduces to $$pcdot qle ||p||cdot ||q||$$which is the same famous Cauchy-Schwartz inequality. Therefore $||.||^2$ is convex.






share|cite|improve this answer












Define $p=lambda x$ and $q=(1-lambda)y$, therefore we need to show that $$||p+q||^2le (||p||+||q||)^2$$which reduces to $$pcdot qle ||p||cdot ||q||$$which is the same famous Cauchy-Schwartz inequality. Therefore $||.||^2$ is convex.







share|cite|improve this answer












share|cite|improve this answer



share|cite|improve this answer










answered Nov 30 at 11:25









Mostafa Ayaz

13.7k3836




13.7k3836












  • That's fine too!
    – Mike
    Nov 30 at 11:31










  • Thank you. Good luck!
    – Mostafa Ayaz
    Nov 30 at 11:33










  • This only works if the norm comes from a scalar product, however.
    – Giuseppe Negro
    Nov 30 at 11:50


















  • That's fine too!
    – Mike
    Nov 30 at 11:31










  • Thank you. Good luck!
    – Mostafa Ayaz
    Nov 30 at 11:33










  • This only works if the norm comes from a scalar product, however.
    – Giuseppe Negro
    Nov 30 at 11:50
















That's fine too!
– Mike
Nov 30 at 11:31




That's fine too!
– Mike
Nov 30 at 11:31












Thank you. Good luck!
– Mostafa Ayaz
Nov 30 at 11:33




Thank you. Good luck!
– Mostafa Ayaz
Nov 30 at 11:33












This only works if the norm comes from a scalar product, however.
– Giuseppe Negro
Nov 30 at 11:50




This only works if the norm comes from a scalar product, however.
– Giuseppe Negro
Nov 30 at 11:50


















draft saved

draft discarded




















































Thanks for contributing an answer to Mathematics Stack Exchange!


  • Please be sure to answer the question. Provide details and share your research!

But avoid



  • Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers.

  • Making statements based on opinion; back them up with references or personal experience.


Use MathJax to format equations. MathJax reference.


To learn more, see our tips on writing great answers.





Some of your past answers have not been well-received, and you're in danger of being blocked from answering.


Please pay close attention to the following guidance:


  • Please be sure to answer the question. Provide details and share your research!

But avoid



  • Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers.

  • Making statements based on opinion; back them up with references or personal experience.


To learn more, see our tips on writing great answers.




draft saved


draft discarded














StackExchange.ready(
function () {
StackExchange.openid.initPostLogin('.new-post-login', 'https%3a%2f%2fmath.stackexchange.com%2fquestions%2f3019935%2fprove-that-vert-cdot-vert2x-to-bbbr-where-x-is-a-vector-space-is-co%23new-answer', 'question_page');
}
);

Post as a guest















Required, but never shown





















































Required, but never shown














Required, but never shown












Required, but never shown







Required, but never shown

































Required, but never shown














Required, but never shown












Required, but never shown







Required, but never shown







Popular posts from this blog

Berounka

Sphinx de Gizeh

Different font size/position of beamer's navigation symbols template's content depending on regular/plain...